Herpes: Treatment and Prevention

What is the disease Herpes? herpes discussion on the topic will be focused on two types of diseases are herpes simplex and herpes zoster or shingles

Herpes simplex is caused by herpes simplex virus (VHS) are included in the family Herpetoviridae Herpetovirus. Virus virion size of 110 nm. There are 2 types of VHS, namely VHS type 1 that attacks the nerve sheath or the trigeminal nerve ganglion, and VHS type 2 which causes damage to the vulvovaginal area.

Transmission of herpes simplex, humans are the only source of transmission of herpes simpieks. Primary infections occur in children under five years (toddlers), especially those from poor families in densely populated population.

The primary transmission occurs melalul point droplet of saliva and oral fluids, through conjunctival secretions and by direct contact in the genital meialui birth canal during delivery process takes place.

Secondary transmission occurs as a result of provocation or stimulation febrile diseases, allergies, mechanical or psychological trauma and excessive sun exposure.

Clinical symptoms of herpes simplex
VHS type .1 cause clinical symptoms include:
Pharyngitis
Gingivostomatitis
Labiales herpes, or herpes facial herpesfebralis
Herpetic keratoconjunctivitis
VHS type 2 show the clinical picture:
Genital herpes or
Herpes vulvovaginitis.

Half of the infants born prematurely VHS infection. Skin and mouth herpes can spread to organs viserai or to the brain. for that this disease should not be taken lightly.

To determine the cause of the virus, cytologic examination on the organ tissue damage. Serology with serological test to determine the presence of neutralizing antibodies (IgG and 1gm) or determination of the type of antigen using monoclonal antibodies.

Treatment of herpes simplex, Human gamma globulin is given as a general treatment of herpes simplex. To reduce infant mortality due to infection VHS can be administered by intravenous Adenine arabinoside.
Herpetic meningoencephalitis treated with intravenous acyclovir, its cytarabin or another antimetabolite. Keratoconjunctivitis patients can be treated with local asikiovir or 5-iodo-deoxyuridine. To reduce patient complaints given palliative medicine.

Prevention of transmission of herpes, pregnant women who have had genital herpes in the genital organs should be examined virological and cytological. Examination carried out in the last trimester of pregnancy. Cesarean section can be done to prevent the transmission of herpes from mother to infant birth.

Herpes zoster or shingles is an infectious disease that infects adult sporadic. The cause is the Varicella Zoster virus (VVZ) that attacks the roots of the posterior segment of unilateral nerve ganglion or kraniai.
VVZ including DNA viruses and family Herpetoviridae benselubung virions which have a diameter of 110 nm.

The spread of disease zoster, shingles infectious diseases are sporadic, not depending on the season. Clinical symptoms arise due to reactivation of latent form of the virus that had previously been located in the sensory ganglion, after the patient recovered and vanisela disease. Zoster occurs only in adults. Penulanan VVZ in children, will cause varicella disease in children.

Clinical symptoms of shingles, a common symptom of infection tenjadi the VVZ is fever and malaise. Patients will then complain of severe pain in the area of ​​distribution of nerve roots mainly contained in the ribs, accompanied by the emergence of groups of vesicles in the nerve distribution area the same.

Diagnosis zoster, shingles clinical symptoms for diagnosis confirmed by inspecting laboratonium. Vesicles smear examination will find multicore giant cells (multinuclear giant cell) and inclusion bodies (nuclear inclusion body)
The examination of fluid senebrospinal shows the pressure increase, the microscopic examination showed monocytes.
Serologic tests with complement fixation or ELISA test showed an increase in IgG antibody titers and specific 1gm.

Treatment and prevention of herpes zoster, shingles sufferers can be given the treatment with serum hiperimun (Human Serum hyperimmune, Varicella-Zoster Immune Globulin-VZIG). If no complications occur zoster can heal by itself. To reduce pain given pain medication. When the lesions occur in the eye, the patient is given atropine and cortisone. Secondary infection with bacteria can be treated with appropriate antibiotics.
In the event of severe zoster in adults may be given antiviral drugs Vidarabin, whereas progressive zoster overcome with intravenous acyclovir. Antiviral drugs should be given immediately, no later than 3 days after the onset of skin disorders.

To prevent transmission VVZ in infants whose mothers have varicella, given Hyperimun Human Serum (VZIG) as many as 125 units, because until now there is no vaccine to prevent shingles infection.

Share this :