What is Chickenpox? Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects children, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. These viruses include DNA viruses and family Herpetoviridae virions which have a diameter of 110 nm.
Transmission of chickenpox varicella mainly affects children between the ages of 5-8 years. Varicella epidemics usually occur every 2-5 years. Transmission of the virus occurs through the air with saliva point (droplet infection) or through direct and indirect contact with skin lesions of patients. Patients with impaired immune systems will experience more severe varicella clinical symptoms, it can even lead to death of the patient.
Clinical symptoms of varicella, The incubation period lasts 14-21 days, followed by early symptoms such as fever and malaise. Rash is a skin disorder that was first raised in the body of the patient will spread to the face. then to the limb, then to the mucosa of the mouth and pharynx. Vesicle will develop into papules and crusts. On day 4 the various stages of lesions occur at the same time.
Varicella complications can occur such as encephalitis or pneumonia. If no complications, mortality due to varicella less than 1%.
Vanisela to establish a definite diagnosis can be made over the immunofluorescent examination of skin lesions that indicate the presence of giant cells multicore. Specific antigens can be found in the fluid fesikel through Difu Test Sigel. With Test fifiksasi complement, ELISA test or examination of specific immunofluorescent antibody titer can be determined.
Treatment and prevention of chickenpox
Good care to maintain the condition of patient endurance to do. Without the complications of varicella will heal by itself. Immunoglobulin Varicella-Zoster Immune Globulin (VZIG) is only given to children with disorders that contact with an infected system vanisela.
Vidarabine given if the patient experienced severe complications or varicella pneumonia in children with impaired immune systems who suffer from varicella. If there is a secondary infection, antibiotics may be given, while reducing patient complaints can be given symptomatic treatment.
At this time there is no vaccine to prevent the spread of varicella.
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